January 5, 2025 – Ukraine’s armed forces attacked the Training Center of the Zaporozhskaya NPP.
January 7, 2025 – North Korea’s state news agency KCNA announced that DPRK had successfully tested a new medium-range hypersonic ballistic missile.
January 13, 2025 – Ukraine’s armed forces attacked TurkStream Gas Pipeline.
January 17, 2025 – Russia’s President Vladimir Putin and the President of the Islamic Rupublic of Iran Masoud Pezeshkian signed the Treaty on Comprehensive Partnership between Moscow and Tehran.
January 22, 2025 – Ukraine’s armed forces attacked Energodar, using four UAVs.
January 27, 2025 – The United National Security Council debated the growing escalation in the Sub-Sahara Africa amid rapid activization of the terrorist groupings in the region.
January 29, 2025 – Rebels from the M23 Movement (DRC) seized the airport of east Congo’s largest city Goma, potentially cutting off the main route for aid.
February 5, 2025 – During the top-level negotiations between Russia and the Republic of Belarus, which had taken place in the Kremlin, Russia’s President Vladimir Putin said both Moscow and Minsk would recognize nuclear weapons as the instrument of deterrence.
February 10, 2025 – Kim Jong Un said he would bolster North Korea’s nuclear weapons program.
February 12, 2025 – Russia’s President Vladimir Putin and the US President Donald Trump held a telcon on the Ukraine crisis
February 13, 2025 – Ukraine’s armed forces disrupted the rotation of the IAEA at the Zaporozhskaya NPP
February 18, 2025 – the US–Russia talks, devoted to the topics of the contemporary condition of relations between Moscow and Washington, as well as pathways for rapprochement between two states, took place in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
February 24, 2025 – Three years passed since Russia had started its Special Military Operation in Ukraine.
February 28, 2025 – North Korean leader Kim Jong Un stated that nuclear attack capability remained the most perfect deterrence and defense capacity, maintaining the stability in the Korean Peninsula.
March 2, 2025 – The leaders of the leading European states held a summit in London to determine their strategy in the context of the most acute conflict within the Western community since World War II.
March 4, 2025 – Russia, in response to a request from the administration of US President Donald Trump, agreed to mediate negotiations with Iran on the nuclear deal (JCPOA).
March 4, 2025 – President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko has signed the law “On ratification of the Treaty between the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation on security Guarantees within the framework of the Union State”.
March 5, 2025 – French President Emmanuel Macron said that France, together with its allies, should “begin a strategic discussion on protecting allies on the European continent with the help of deterrence forces”. This statement launched a new round of discussions about the creation of a European deterrence forces.
March 6, 2025 – Donald Trump expressed his intention to begin negotiations with Russia and China on nuclear disarmament at a press conference in the Oval Office.
March 18, 2025 – The Presidents of Russia and the United States, Vladimir Putin and Donald Trump, had their second telephone conversation. It was dedicated to the settlement in Ukraine and took place a week after the American and Ukrainian delegations agreed to implement a 30-day ceasefire in Jeddah.
March 18, 2025 – The UK government has confirmed that a strategy is in place to upgrade infrastructure to accommodate the Royal Navy’s new Dreadnought-class nuclear submarines.
March 23-25, 2025 – The United States held talks with Russia and Ukraine in Riyadh. As a result, Moscow and Washington announced their readiness to ensure the implementation of the “Black Sea Initiative”.
April 3, 2025 – NATO Supreme Allied Commander Europe, General Christopher Cavoli, stated at a hearing of the US Senate Armed Services Committee that European countries have requested the deployment of a long-range hypersonic missile launch system on their territory. During the public portion of the hearing, he did not specify who made the request.
April 11, 2025 – President Trump’s special envoy Steve Witkoff arrived in Russia on Friday to try to make progress on cease-fire talks over the war in Ukraine, meeting with President Vladimir V. Putin in St. Petersburg.
April 11, 2025 – President Emmanuel Macron of France held meetings with top American officials (Secretary of State Marco Rubio and Steve Witkoff, President Trump’s envoy) that were designed to preserve at least the appearance of a united front in the Russian special operation in Ukraine.
April 12, 2025 – The first round of indirect talks between Iran and the United States on lifting sanctions and the nuclear issue was held in Oman.
April 15-16, 2025 – The meeting on security issues in the Black Sea was held at the headquarters of the Turkish Navy command “in the light of a potential cease-fire between the Russian Federation and Ukraine”. There is no representative of the Russian Federation among them.
April 18, 2025 – Russia has denounced the 2007 Barents Sea Agreement with Norway, Finland, and Sweden. The Agreement envisaged the creation of an International Barents Secretariat to develop cooperation in the sea and the Euro-Arctic region.
April 18, 2025 – U.S. President Donald Trump’s top envoys met with European powers and Ukraine in Paris to push efforts to end Russia’s war in Ukraine, and Secretary of State Marco Rubio said a U.S. peace framework received an “encouraging reception”. Rubio also held a parallel phone conversation with his Russian counterpart Sergey Lavrov, in which the State Department said he again conveyed Trump’s desire to end the war.
April 19, 2025 – The second round of indirect talks between Iran and the United States was held in Rome. The parties managed to move on to the next stage in these negotiations in order to reach a fair, permanent agreement that would guarantee Iran’s release from nuclear weapons and the complete lifting of sanctions, while preserving Tehran’s right to develop peaceful nuclear energy.
April 26, 2025 – The third round of indirect negotiations between the United States and Iran on the nuclear program was held in Oman.
April 28 – May 9, 2025 – The third session of the Preparatory Committee for the 2026 NPT Review Conference was held in New York (the USA).
April 30, 2025 – Alexey Likhachev, the head of Rosatom, said that if a political decision is made by the country’s leadership, the state corporation is ready to discuss the presence of American colleagues at the Zaporozhskaya NPP.
May 7, 2025 – India announced Sindoor Operation, which targeted “terrorist installations” in Pakistan, and launched missile strikes on nine terrorist-linked installations, according to the country’s Defense Ministry. Pakistan responded with artillery shelling of Indian territory. The Pakistani military also claimed to have destroyed five Indian fighter jets.
May 8, 2025 – The United States expects to receive samples of the new B61-13 nuclear bomb by the end of May. Previously, work on its creation was planned to be completed in the spring of 2026. It is planned to equip modern fighter jets and a B-21 Raider with a bomb.
May 9, 2025 – Chinese President Xi Jinping attends celebrations marking the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Soviet Union’s Great Patriotic War in Moscow, Russia. Leaders from more than 20 countries and international organizations were invited to the events.
May 10, 2025 – Islamabad announced a large-scale operation Banyan ul-Marsoos against India.
May 10, 2025 – Donald Trump announced that India and Pakistan, brokered by Washington, had agreed to a complete and immediate ceasefire. The ceasefire was violated by both sides several times, but this did not lead to a major escalation.
May 11, 2025 – 30 years ago, in May 1995, the NPT Review Conference decided to extend the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT Treaty) indefinitely.
May 13-16, 2025 – Donald Trump has made his first foreign tour since the beginning of his presidential term. In a few days, he visited three countries — Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the UAE. One of the main outcomes of Donald Trump’s foreign visit was the signing of a series of “deals of the century” with the Arabian monarchies.
May 19, 2025 – A two–hour telephone conversation between Presidents Vladimir Putin and Donald Trump took place, which raised hopes that Russian-American relations had finally passed their low point and were beginning an accelerating upward movement.
May 20, 2025 – US President Donald Trump presented the draft of the new Golden Dome missile defense system at a press conference at the White House.
May 27-29, 2025 – The 13th International Meeting of High Representatives for Security Issues kicks off in the Russian capital of Moscow. More than 150 countries have been invited to take part in the forum, including from the Global South and East, the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). The leaders of more than 20 international organizations have received invites as well.
May 30, 2025 – 10th Conference “Russia and China: cooperation in a new era” in Beijing.
May 31, 2025 – Russia and NATO countries will simultaneously hold military exercises in the Baltic Sea on June 3.
May 31, 2025 – German Foreign Minister Johann Vadefuhl said that Germany had become “a little more honest” about Russia. According to him, Germany no longer aims to defeat Russia in the military conflict in Ukraine.
May 31, 2025 – Russia has requested a meeting of the UN Security Council on the topic of European attempts to obstruct the peace process around Ukraine.
June 12-13, 2025 – Israel launched a large-scale “lightning” operation, Rising Lion, striking Iran’s nuclear, military, and infrastructure targets. Nighttime raids hit Natanz, Esfahan, and Fordow enrichment plants, destroying advanced centrifuges and radar systems.
June 13, 2025 – Iran retaliated with a massive missile-and-drone assault against Israel, targeting Tel Aviv, Jerusalem, and several military bases. Around 150 ballistic missiles and over 100 UAVs were launched.
June 14, 2025 – Israeli forces struck western and northwestern Iranian cities, killing several senior nuclear scientists and specialists connected to the country’s enrichment program.
June 15-16, 2025 – Iran fired new waves of missiles toward Tel Aviv and Haifa, damaging civilian infrastructure and causing casualties. The attacks deepened fears of a regional escalation.
June 18, 2025 – Heavy airstrikes were reported over Tehran; plumes of smoke rose across the capital. Israeli forces claimed precision hits on air-defense nodes and command centers.
June 19, 2025 – The White House announced that a U.S. decision on possible intervention in the Israel-Iran conflict would be made within two weeks, signaling Washington’s concern over rapid escalation.
June 24, 2025 – A U.S.-brokered ceasefire came into effect between Israel and Iran. Tehran was the first to halt its attacks; Israel paused airstrikes about twelve hours later.
June 25, 2025 – Preliminary assessments revealed heavy damage to Iran’s nuclear infrastructure, including the Fordow enrichment facility. Analysts estimated the strikes had set back Iran’s program by several years.
July 1, 2025 – Al-Qaeda-linked Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM)[1] carried out coordinated attacks and kidnappings, pushing violence toward areas near the Senegal frontier. Analysts later assessed a broader mid-year surge in JNIM tempo across Mali and the wider Sahel.
July 6-7, 2025 – The XVII BRICS Summit produced a leaders’ declaration emphasizing multipolar governance, tech, AI coordination, and closer Global South economic-security cooperation.
July, 9 – Reportedly, there was a joint FSB/MoD operation against Ukrainian Sapsan ballistic missile design and production facilities involving long-range strikes. Facilities has been hit in Dnepropetrovsk and Sumy regions, destruction of air defense assets included. Germany bankrolled the Sapsan project.
July 10, 2025 – The United Kingdom and France signed Lancaster House 2.0, updating their defence pact. It expands nuclear coordination, joint weapons programs, and cooperation in cyber, space, and AI.
July 16, 2025 – Israeli airstrikes hit Damascus, targeting Syria’s Ministry of Defence and General Staff HQ. At least three were killed and dozens wounded, marking an escalation after the June conflict with Iran.
July 29, 2025 – Pakistan launched Operation Sarbakaf in Bajaur to clear Taliban and IS-Khorasan[2] militants. Airstrikes and ground assaults killed dozens; civilians were displaced amid renewed border instability.
August 1-8, 2025 – U.S. AFRICOM conducted a series of airstrikes supporting Somali National Army operations against Al-Shabaab near Bariire (Lower Shabelle province). The campaign aimed to secure a strategic corridor in southwestern Somalia.
August 8, 2025 – Somali forces, backed by the African Union Mission, liberated the town of Bariire from Al-Shabaab, killing over 120 militants and seizing large weapons and explosives stockpiles.
August 14, 2025 – Authorities in Mali thwarted an attempted military coup. Two generals and a French national were arrested, accused of conspiring with foreign intelligence. The government denounced “external interference.”
August 21, 2025 – Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy announced the successful testing of the Ukrainian Flamingo cruise missile (range up to 3,000 km). Based on its appearance and stated characteristics, experts identified the Flamingo as the FP-5 cruise missile developed by the Milanion Group (the UK).
August 25 – September 3, 2025 – Super Garuda Shield 2025 multinational drills, led by the U.S. and Indonesia, brought together 13 nations with naval, air, ground, and cyber elements. Significance: Showed deepening Indo-Pacific defense cooperation and efforts to balance China’s influence.
August 28, 2025 – Israel launched airstrikes on the Yemeni capital Sana’a, destroying the Houthi leadership headquarters and killing several top officials, including the movement’s prime minister and defense minister – part of a broader “decapitation” strategy.
August 31 – September 1, 2025 – SCO Summit in Tianjin gathered member states to discuss security, technology, and regional projects. Significance: Russia used the forum to reinforce its Asian presence and align with China and Central Asian partners.
September 1, 2025 – SCO Heads of State Council approved the Tianjin Declaration. The document emphasizes that the principles of non-interference in internal affairs and non-use of force are the foundation for the sustainable development of international relations.
September 5, 2025 – International news agencies reported increased construction activity at the Dimona nuclear facility in Israel. Experts estimate this could be a new heavy-water reactor or a facility for the initial stages of nuclear weapons assembly.
September 9, 2025 – Israel, as part of a joint operation between the Shin Bet and the IDF, launched an airstrike on the Qatari capital, Doha. The attack targeted key figures in the Palestinian HAMAS Politburo (the movement’s top political leadership). The operation failed, with most of the targets unharmed.
September 10, 2025 – during a meeting in Cairo (Egypt), IAEA Director General Rafael Grossi and Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi finalized and signed an agreement on the modalities of the Agency’s inspection activities in the aftermath of the Israeli and US aggression.
September 15, 2025 – the Pentagon announced plans to keep Minuteman III intercontinental ballistic missiles on active duty until 2050 due to the stalling of the LGM-35A Sentinel program.
September 17, 2025 – The French Ministry of Defense, represented by the Defense Procurement Agency (Direction générale de l’armement, DGA), signed a contract with ArianeGroup for the development and production of the fourth version of the M51 submarine-launched intercontinental ballistic missile. The new M51.4 missile will have an increased range, greater accuracy, and improved capabilities to penetrate enemy missile defense systems.
September 17, 2025 – Polish authorities, represented by President Karol Nawrocki, declared their readiness to participate in NATO nuclear initiatives (including the hypothetical deployment of the Alliance’s nuclear weapons on its territory) and to expand cooperation with nuclear powers in the field of security.
September 17, 2025 – Saudi Arabia and Pakistan signed the Strategic Mutual Defense Agreement, laying the foundation for a new military alliance and enshrining the principle of joint defense. Islamabad’s influence in the Middle East increased.
September 19, 2025 – Iran’s Supreme National Security Council announced a second severance of ties with the IAEA in response to increased international pressure.
September 22, 2025 –President Vladimir Putin stated that Russia wants to try to maintain the status quo established by the New START Treaty and is prepared to adhere to its central restrictions for one year after the New START Treaty expires in February 2026.
September 28, 2025 – US Vice President J.D. Vance announced that US officials are discussing the possibility of supplying NATO with Tomahawk missiles for Kiev. However, a final decision on the matter has not yet been made. Russia considers the supply of missiles to Ukraine an escalatory step and promises an asymmetric response if they are used.
September 29, 2025 – France, Germany, and the United Kingdom (E3) completed the activation of the “snapback” mechanism, which provides for the restoration of UN Security Council sanctions against Iran for its refusal to conclude a new nuclear deal. Russia and China believe the procedure was carried out irregularly and have not recognized the sanctions’ restoration.
September 30, 2025 – US President Donald Trump officially unveiled the “Peace Plan” for resolving the situation in the Gaza Strip. The three-stage plan calls for the withdrawal of forces from the line of contact, the return of hostages, the disarmament of HAMAS, and a complete reset of Palestinian institutions.
October 3, 2025 – the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Treaty between Russia and Iran entered into force.
October 10, 2025 – the ceasefire between Israel and Palestinian HAMAS, stipulated by the first stage of Donald Trump’s “peace plan”, came into effect.
October 10, 2025 – the DPRK unveiled its new Hwasong-20 mobile ICBM during a parade marking the 80th anniversary of the WPK.
October 11-12, 2025 – rapid, but large-scale clashes involving heavy artillery and airstrikes occurred along the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan (along the Durand Line). The two sides quickly reached a ceasefire agreement but continued to exchange threatening statements. Sporadic clashes along some sections of the border continued until October 17.
October 13-14, 2025 – a “Peace Summit” was held in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, where, with the participation of key mediators (the United States, Türkiye, and Arab states), an agreement was reached to end hostilities between Israel and the Palestinian HAMAS. The interests of the conflicting parties were represented by the United States and Qatar, respectively.
October 14, 2025 – Britain completely lifted the 33-year arms embargo on Armenia and Azerbaijan, imposed in 1992 due to the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh.
October 14, 2025 – Türkiye successfully tested its indigenous SOM-J cruise missile. Developed by TÜBİTAK SAGE and ROKETSAN, the SOM-J missile is compatible with Turkish F-16 fighter jets, KAAN fighter jets, and drones.
October 15, 2025 – the leader of the Syrian transitional government, Ahmad al-Sharaa, made his first official visit to Moscow and held talks with Vladimir Putin. The discussion focused on further developing cooperation between Moscow and Damascus.
October 16, 2025 – Vladimir Putin and Donald Trump held a telephone conversation on current international security issues. The leaders agreed to hold a high-level meeting between Russia and the United States “in the near future”.
October 16, 2025 – Donald Trump announced that Budapest, Hungary, would be the venue for his meeting with the Russian leader. The event was subsequently postponed indefinitely.
October 16, 2025 – Yemen’s Houthi rebels (Ansar Allah) summarized their participation in operations in support of Palestine. Over two years, they carried out 758 attacks using 1,835 different weapons, including ballistic and anti-ship cruise missiles, as well as kamikaze UAVs and surface drones. Houthi forces also conducted 346 naval operations in the Red Sea, the Arabian Sea, and the Indian Ocean. Yemeni forces struck 228 vessels linked to Israel or violating the ban on entering Israeli ports.
October 18, 2025 – UN Security Council Resolution 2231 (the legal basis of the JCPOA) ceased to exist due to expiration.
October 18, 2025 – Donald Trump held a closed-door meeting with Kiev regime leader Volodymyr Zelenskyy. The meeting ended without significant breakthroughs in the settlement.
October 20-23, 2025 – the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) was held in China. The Plenary Session defined China’s strategic development priorities for the next five years, with a greater emphasis on security. A key sign of change was the purge of the military leadership shortly before the Plenary Session, with several high-ranking generals dismissed due to a loss of trust.
October 22, 2025 – Russia conducted a strategic nuclear forces training exercise under the leadership of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief. Their land, sea, and air components were involved.
October 22, 2025 – According to several experts, Iran began rebuilding the Taleghan 2 facility, located in a protected area in Parchin Province. The facility was previously associated with the Amad nuclear project and is known for conducting nuclear tests. Tehran has not officially commented on the information.
October 23, 2025 – EU countries imposed the 19th round of economic sanctions against Russia. The US and UK also imposed additional restrictions.
October 23, 2025 – According to the Wall Street Journal, the US lifted a key restriction on Ukraine’s use of allied-supplied long-range missiles, allowing Kiev to launch strikes deep into Russia. Washington has not officially commented on the media reports.
October 24, 2025 – Donald Trump announced the launch of a campaign against Latin American drug cartels. Trump also named the Venezuelan government as one of the drug traffickers’ “accomplices” and threatened a swift ground operation in that country.
October 25, 2025 – the signing process for the Convention against Cybercrime began at the UN. More than 70 UN member states signed the document within the first 48 hours.
October 26, 2025 – Vladimir Putin announced that testing of the Burevestnik nuclear-armed cruise missile, unique in the world, had been completed. The President instructed Chief Valery Gerasimov to determine the class of the Burevestnik missile and prepare the infrastructure for its deployment.
October 27, 2025 – Vladimir Putin signed a decree denunciating the agreement with the United States on plutonium disposal.
October 27, 2025 – during British Prime Minister Keir Starmer’s visit to Türkiye, an agreement was signed to supply Ankara with twenty Eurofighter multirole fighter jets over the next ten years. The modification will be adapted to carry Turkish-made munitions.
October 27, 2025 – the rebel Rapid Support Forces (Sudan) recaptured the city of El Fasher in Darfur from government forces after 18 months of fighting. The loss of El Fasher increased the likelihood of Darfur’s secession.
October 28, 2025 – Belarusian officials announced that work to create conditions for the deployment of the Oreshnik system in Belarus was nearing completion. The system is expected to be operational in December 2025.
October 28, 2025 – Russia’s Foreign Intelligence Service announced that the General Staff of the French Armed Forces is preparing to deploy a contingent of up to 2,000 soldiers and officers to Ukraine to support the Kiev regime. French legionnaires are already stationed in areas of Poland bordering Ukraine and are undergoing intensive combat training.
October 29, 2025 – Vladimir Putin announced that Russia had successfully tested the Poseidon nuclear submarine, which is significantly more powerful than the Sarmat missile.
October 30, 2025 – Donald Trump ordered the Pentagon to begin nuclear weapons testing on an equal footing with other countries’ testing programs.
October 30, 2025 – Donald Trump announced that he had granted South Korea permission to build a nuclear submarine. The project will be built at the Hanwha Shipyard in Philadelphia, symbolically lifting a 30-year ban.
[1] hereinafter – terrorist organization banned in Russia – Editor’s note.
[2] hereinafter – terrorist organization banned in Russia – Editor’s note.
